Kassena-Nankani Festival

This large wind-and-drum ensemble performed at a Ghanaian Independence Day celebration held in Navrongo in the Upper Region. Against the thundering background of the gulu drums, two groups of wiik players alternate notes in a repeated pattern, one group playing the pithy D and the other C. Harmonizing with this pattern are two groups of namura players, alternating between the pitches F and E. One of the players in each of the four groups improvises freely above the overall pattern.